The UK after the investor visa closed: what replaced it

The United Kingdom closed its Tier 1 Investor visa in February 2022, with no notice and no successor. Nothing has replaced it as a route that exchanges capital for the right to live in Britain, and there is no indication that anything will.

Why it went

A review of the route had raised questions about the source of funds behind a portion of historic grants. The closure came in a week when those questions became politically urgent. Whatever the trigger, the underlying judgement had been forming for years: the route was found to deliver little economic benefit relative to the scrutiny it attracted.

What exists now

• Innovator Founder — for people setting up an innovative business, requiring endorsement by an approved body. The test is the business idea and the founder, not the money.
• Global Talent — for those endorsed as leaders or potential leaders in academia, research, arts or technology. The strongest route Britain offers, and one that cannot be bought.
• Skilled Worker — sponsorship by a licensed employer, which for a self-employed or retired applicant is not an option.
• Expansion routes for overseas businesses establishing a UK presence, with their own conditions.

All of them ask for something other than capital: an idea, a record, or an employer.

Buying property is unaffected — and unconnected

There has never been a restriction on foreigners buying British property, and there is none now. What has never existed is a link between that purchase and the right to live in the country. Buying a house in London gives you a house in London.

What has changed around it is the cost. Non-resident buyers pay a stamp duty surcharge on top of the additional-property surcharge, and the tax environment for internationally mobile people tightened significantly when the non-domicile regime was replaced with a residence-based test in April 2025.

The honest comparison

For someone weighing a base in the Emirates against one in Britain, the choice is not between two similar products. Britain offers a deep property market, a legal system, schools and a genuine city; it charges for all of it through an annual tax system that reaches worldwide income once you are resident, and it does not sell residence.

The Emirates sell residence, charge no personal income tax, and offer none of the education and legal infrastructure Britain has spent centuries building. People who try to hold both need advice on the residence test rather than an article, because the two positions interact and the interaction is where the cost is.